We are one step closer to preventing HIV in America! The Food and Drug Administration is looking to approve a pill that has long been used to treat HIV cases and has now become the first drug to prevent healthy people from becoming infected with the virus that causes AIDS.
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According to the FDA, Gilead Sciences’ Truvada appears to be safe and effective for HIV prevention. From their conclusions, they found that taking the pill daily could spare patients “infection with a serious and life-threatening illness that requires lifelong treatment.”
According to the Associated Press:
On Thursday a panel of FDA advisers will consider the review when it votes on whether Truvada should be approved as a preventative treatment for people who are at high risk of contracting HIV through sexual intercourse.
An estimated 1.2 million Americans have HIV, which attacks the immune system and, unless treated with antiviral drugs, develops into AIDS, a fatal condition in which the body cannot fight off infections.
If Truvada is approved, it would be a major breakthrough in the 30-year campaign against the AIDS epidemic. There have been no other drugs proven to prevent HIV and a vaccine is believed to be decades away.
Gilead Sciences Inc., based in Foster City, Calif., has marketed Truvada since 2004 as a treatment for people who are infected with the virus. The medication is a combination of two older HIV drugs, Emtriva and Viread. Doctors usually prescribe the medications as part of a drug cocktail that makes it harder for the virus to reproduce.
Patients with low viral levels have reduced symptoms and are far less likely to develop AIDS.
Researchers first reported that Truvada could prevent people from contracting HIV in 2010. A three-year study found that daily doses cut the risk of infection in healthy gay and bisexual men by 44 percent, when accompanied by condoms and counseling.
Another study found that Truvada reduced infection by 75 percent in heterosexual couples in which one partner was infected with HIV and the other was not.
Because Truvada is already on the market to manage HIV, some doctors already prescribe it as a preventive measure. But FDA approval would allow the drugmaker Gilead Sciences to formally market its drug for that use.
Some patient advocacy groups say the drug is an important new option to prevent HIV, alongside condoms, counseling and other measures. Last month, advocacy group AIDS United and more than a dozen other groups sent a letter to the FDA, urging approval of Truvada.
According to Ronald Johnson, AIDS United’s Vice President:
“If we’re going to reduce the more than 50,000 new HIV infections in this country each year, we need to increase the available options for people.”
Researchers speculated that women may require a higher dose of the drug to prevent infection.
Dr. Rodney Wright, director of HIV programs at Montefiore Medical Center in New York and chairman of the AIDS Health Foundation said:
“We know that if the person doesn’t take the medication every day they will not be protected. So the concern is that there may not be adequate adherence to provide protection in the general population.”
Either way, this is good news for many who are in high risk for contracting the debilitating disease.
